From the General Archives …

For the fourth consecutive year, we have completed another block of restorations of seals from our collection of parchments. As in previous years, the project was supported by contributions from the CEI's 8xMille fund and was carried out by Dr. Luca Becchetti, custodian of the seals of the Vatican Apostolic Archives.

Here are the before and after of a large round seal in natural wax belonging to King Francis I of France (1515-1547), which was in very poor condition before restoration, with fragments glued back together in a haphazard manner. The seal, now legible again despite the missing parts, shows on the front the effigy of the sovereign seated on the throne, crowned and with the scepter, inside a pavilion with cornflowers; under his feet, the silhouettes of two lions can be seen. On the back, traces of the shield of France can be seen.

The privilege to which it belongs (II Extra/1527.1) is dated Saint Denis, July 7, 1527: it is a royal letter in which the King of France writes to Prior General Niccolò Audet, putting an end to the dispute between him and Stephane Jovency, prior of the Province of Narbonne. When Audet was elected general on May 8, 1524, during the Chapter of Venice, Jovency refused to recognize his authority, causing a rift in the Carmelite Order. A week after the contested election, the prior of Narbonne had convened an anti-chapter in Montpellier, from which he emerged as prior general. Probably only the provinces of southern France participated in that chapter, but the clash between them and the rest of the Order was such as to cause a schism accompanied by excommunications. In fact, Audet had brought the matter before Pope Clement VII, obtaining a bull ordering the French to return to the jurisdiction of the Carmelite Curia in Rome. In turn, Jovency appealed to the King of France in an attempt to have the papal decision suspended, but the Royal Council ruled in favor of Audet, who governed from 1524 to 1562, distinguishing himself as an extraordinary reformer. His generalate was the second longest in the history of the Order, after that of Giovanni Grossi (1411-1430).